Multi-Hazard Interrelationships and Dynamic Risk Scenarios

[Note that a similar seminar was given 20 October 2025 to the Risk Masters Students and Durham colleagues]

Location: Elvet Hill House (behind the Oriental Museum), room EH009

Time and Date: Tuesday 20 October 2026, 09.00-10.00

Speaker: Bruce D Malamud (Director, IHRR)

Summary: This talk presents case examples, critical reviews and dynamic risk scenarios for potential interaction relationships between natural hazards and includes research by myself with multiple colleagues. I first present a wide-ranging review of grey- and peer-review literature used to perform a broad overview, characterization, and visualization of 90 interaction relationships between 21 natural hazards (six hazard groups, geophysical, hydrological, shallow Earth, atmospheric, biophysical, and space hazards). The seminar then considers (i) the role of anthropogenic processes in influencing multi-hazard cascades, (ii) the changing vulnerability/exposure from before, between and after hazard events, resulting in dynamic vulnerability, exposure and risk, and (iii) dynamic risk scenarios, particularly in the context of Istanbul, Nairobi, and Kathmandu. I will also briefly mention work done on quantifying hazard interrelationships. Our approach allows those undertaking research into single hazards to place their work within the context of other hazards. It also communicates aspects of hazard interactions, facilitating an effective analysis by those working on reducing and managing disaster risk within the policy and practitioner communities. Knowledge of these potential interactions reinforces holistic or multi-hazard approaches to natural hazard assessment.

Reading material (all open access, so can be downloaded using doi).

Gill JC and Malamud BD (2014) Reviewing and visualizing the interactions of natural hazards, Reviews of Geophysics 52(4): 680–722, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013RG000445. [ISSN: 8755-1209]

Gill JC and Malamud BD (2017) Anthropogenic processes, natural hazards, and interactions in a multi-hazard framework. Earth-Science Reviews 166: 246−269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.01.002. [ISSN 0012-8252]

Šakić Trogrlić R, Thompson H.E., Menteşe E.Y., Hussain E., Gill J.C., Taylor F.E., Mwangi E., Öner E., Bukachi V.G. and Malamud B.D. (2024) Multi‐hazard interrelationships and risk scenarios in urban areas: A case of Nairobi and Istanbul. Earth's Future, 12(9), p.e2023EF004413. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EF004413